Cơ sở khoa học của nguyên tắc 5K trong phòng, chống dịch Covid-19 & áp dụng vào thi đấu, tập luyện thể dục thể thao

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 belongs to Betacoronavirus, parasitic
in bats and birds, warm-blooded vertebrates.
SARS-CoV-2 has a circular or oval or multifaceted
virus particle cover, diameter 60-140nm.
SARS-CoV-2 of the same species as SARS-CoV
that caused SARS in 2003; Viruses have the same
genome (94.6%) of amino acid sequences (up to
80% similar nucleotide sequence). The genome
length of SARS-CoV-2 is approximately 25-32
kilobase. Mutation rates of SARS-CoV-2 ranged
from 1.05x10-3 to 1.26x10-3 per site per year, and
two S and N genes were selected to monitor for
viral mutations. SARS-CoV-2 is everywhere.
SARS-CoV-2 is suitable in temperate climate, in
winter, less than in autumn and spring.
SARS-CoV-2 can live for 5 days in cold environments
(22-25 degrees C, 40-50% humidity), when
the
temperature increases to 38-390C, the survival
decreases. SARS-CoV-2 is spread through
the
droplet of a person infected with SARS-CoV-2;
Can
sometimes be transmitted through the air;
Less
spread by contact with SARS-CoV-2 infected
surfaces;
Rarely spread between humans and
animals.
Immunity develops shortly after an
infection
but fades away over time, reinfection is
common.
Elderly people, people with chronic
diseases,
people with weakened immune systems
are
susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Prevention
of infection with SARS-CoV-2 is to follow
the 5 K principle (Mask - Disinfection - How Non-Convergence
- Medical Report) and vaccine
therapy.
For athletes and trainees who compete in
physical
training and sports, in addition to the
implementation
of the 5 K principle, additional
solutions:
choose a sport to ensure distance;
01-way
travel; move in the wind direction and
ensure
air circulation and motor capacity of 6070%
when wearing a mask to avoid oxygen debt.