Giải pháp tăng cường tưới tiên tiến, tiết kiệm nước trong điều kiện thực thi luật thuỷ lợi ở Việt Nam

Abstract

Irrigated agriculture is the largerst water user not only in Vietnam but also all over the world. Improved water use efficiency in agriculture sector has been carried out carefully in many countries. Water use efficiency in irrigation systems in Vietnam is increasingly considered in the context of high water demand and climate change. However, demand management approach for enhancing the water efficicency through water pricing, water saving technologies and practices, and water user’s awareness remains limited.

This paper focuses on advanced irrigation and/or water saving irrigation for paddy and upland crops in Vietnam. It points out that the application of advanced irrigation is considerable. Advanced irrigation areas of cash crops like flowers, vegetables, coffee-trees, pepper-trees, etc., increase remarkable as much as 17 times from 2013 to 2017 maching the target of the sector. However, advanced irrigation area of paddy, a largest water consuming crop, is still limited with only 5% of paddy area. Based on research results and the legal framework given by the Law on Hydraulic works, a number of solutions to advanced irrigation and water saving irrigation are proposed toward water demand management approach.

Key words: advanced irrigation, water saving irrigation, demand management, water use.