QUY TRÌNH TƯỚI TIÊU KHOA HỌC CHO LÚA, GIẢM PHÁT THẢI KHÍ NHÀ KÍNH (CH4, N2O) VÙNG ĐỒNG BẰNG SÔNG HỒNG

Abstract

The process of scientific irrigation for rice, water saving, and greenhouse gas emission reduction according to the experience of Japan is the result of research on the international cooperation project under the Protocol with Japan. The subject was tested in 6 crops (2015 ÷ 2017) in Phu Thinh commune, Kim Dong district, Hung Yen province by 3 irrigation formulas: Strong dry irrigation formula (drainage stage when the water level is -15 cm compared to the newly irrigated field surface), weak dry  irrigation formula (drainage period when the water level is -5 cm compared to the newly irrigated field surface) and traditional irrigation formula with a total area of 50.2 hectares . As a result, the average irrigation water volume of the strong dry plot was 65.7% and the weak dry plot was 74.2% compared to the traditional one. The weak dry area gives the highest yield of 7.60 tons/ha. The greenhouse gas emission in the three years, strong dry irrigation formula was the lowest , saved 35.47%  and the weak dry irrigation formula has reduced 30.21% compared to the traditional irrigation formula; the CH4 emission of the crop is from 1.97 to 7.13 times higher than that of the spring crop. From the research results, the proposed method of irrigation for rice applied to the Red River Delta is the combination of the weak dry irrigation formula and strong dry irrigation formula (drainage period when the water level is -10 cm compared to the field surface that to be re-irrigated); The process has total spring irrigation water from 3100 ÷ 3900 m³/ha; the autumn - summer crop is from 2500 ÷ 3400 m³/ha.