XÂY DỰNG HỆ THỐNG GIÁM SÁT HẠN NÔNG NGHIỆP BẰNG DỮ LIỆU VỆ TINH, THÍ ĐIỂM TẠI TỈNH NINH THUẬN, VIỆT NAM

Abstract

As drought is expected to be more severe and more frequent in the future in many parts of the world according to various Global Circulation Models, decision makers in developing countries need more cost-effective supporting tools to quickly identify drought hotspot and to help giving better decisions, especially under unprecedented changing climate patterns.  The FAO’s AVHRR based Agricultural Stress Index System (ASIS) developed by FAO to quickly identify agricultural drought hotspot in the context of monitoring global food supply and demands was calibrated specifically for Ninh Thuan province. The processing of remote sensing data was constrained by three specific agricultural conditions: (1) crop mask, to make sure only crop pixels were computed, (2) crop schedule, so the analysis is performed only during crop seasons, and (3) crop coefficient (Kc) to emphasize the sensitivity of each phenological stage to drought

Results showed that the most recorded severe drought years happened in Ninh Thuan are 1986, 1992, 1998, 2002, 2005 and 2015 which correlated strongly with El Nino events. Summer crop (from May to Aug) is the most “vulnerable to drought” season among the others, Spring crop (Jan to Apr) and Rainy crop (Sep to Nov). This system can help support to optimize the irrigation system in Ninh Thuan as well as mitigate of drought effect.