EFFECTS OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON PROLIFERATION AND MORPHOGENESIS OF CALLUS DERIVED FROM COTYLEDON OF EURYCOMA LONGIFOLIA

Abstract

‘Ba benh’ or ‘Mat nhan’, which is a common name of Eurycoma longifolia in Vietnam, is a medicinal herb of the Simaroubaceae family. The main uses of this species are malaria treatment and physiological enhancement. There are many biologically active compounds in this plant, such as quassinoid, β-carboline alkaloid, canthin-6-1 alkaloid, tirucallane triterpene, squalene derivatives, eurycolactone, eurycomalactone, laurycolactone, biphenyl neolignan and steroids. Currently, many studies on secondary compounds and their uses have been done, however, studies on morphogenesis and soma embryogenesis are still limited. In this study, the effects of plant growth regulators on proliferation and morphogenesis of callus derived from cotyledon of Eurycoma longifolia were investigated. The results showed that calli proliferation cultured in 3.0 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 2.0 mg/L TDZ MS medium reach the highest fresh weight (3.86 g/explant). Almost callus explants were cultured in MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D along with IBA also induce roots and somatic embryos. The results of this experiment showed that 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D combined with 4.0 mg/L IBA was suitable for root induction with 5.3 roots per explant. The medium supplemented with 3.0 mg/L IBA was the most suitable medium for somatic embryogenesis with 14.3 embryos per explant.

Keywords: Auxin, Eurycoma longifolia, cotyledon, callus, morphogenesis.