Assessment of current water quality status in clam areas in Thai Binh Province and proposal for measures to improve efficiency

Tóm tắt

This paper presents the results of water quality assessment of clam farming areas for 3 monitoring points in Tien Hai district, Thai Binh province. Using monitoring parameters including: Temperature, pH, Salinity, Alkalinity, N-NO₂^-, N-NH₄⁺, H₂S, Coliform, Total Vibrio to assess water quality in clam culture area by using methods: The method of calculating the pollutant load due to domestic wastewater, the method of assessing the current state of the water environment based on national standards and the assessment method according to the water quality index (WQI). The results show that the monitoring points in the clam farming area of Thai Binh province: Temperature, pH and H₂S^- in the water are within the limits according to QCVN 10:2023/BTNMT; QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT and QCVN QCVN 08:2023/BTNMT. Salinity and alkalinity fluctuate greatly, the proportion of samples outside the permissible limits is 54.17% and 12.5%, respectively. N-NH₄⁺, N-NO₂^-, have a high percentage of samples with values exceeding the permissible limit, ranging from 41.65 to 62.50% of the monitored samples. Coliform exceeded the limit from 2 to 256 times. The total Vibrio density was 20.83% of samples above the limit. The average water quality indicator on 3 monitoring locations has a percentage rating of Excellent: 20.83%, Good: 12.5%, Medium 12.5%, Bad: 37.5% and very bad: 16.67%. From the results of the assessment, this study suggests management measures, including improving water quality index used to zoning water quality, thus better managing clam areas; and technical measure which improves farming techniques to protect the aquatic environment of farmers.