ĐÁNH GIÁ PHƯƠNG PHÁP CHIẾT XANH SULFAMETHOXAZOLE TỪ ĐẤT KẾT HỢP SIÊU ÂM VÀ PHÂN TÍCH LC-MS

Tóm tắt

This study aimed to optimize the extraction conditions for sulfamethoxazole (SMX) from soil matrices using
green ultrasound-assisted extraction combined with LC-MS analysis. Two buffer systems, phosphate and
Mcllvaine, at different concentrations (1 mM and 10 mM) and pH values ranging from 3 to 7 were
evaluated. A three-way ANOVA revealed that soil type, buffer type, and pH significantly influenced SMX
recovery, with notable interactions among these factors (p < 0.001). Both phosphate and Mcllvaine buffers
at 1 mM concentration and pH 3 provided the highest and most stable SMX recovery (>100%) across two
contrasting soils (S1 and S2). Conditions of low ionic strength and acidic pH significantly enhanced the
desorption efficiency of sulfamethoxazole (SMX). In contrast, increasing the buffer concentration –
especially when using Mcllvaine buffer—resulted in reduced recovery rates, likely due to the formation of
metal-ligand complexes and ion suppression effects. The findings highlight phosphate 1 mM and Mcllvaine 1
mM at pH 3 as optimal green extraction solutions for SMX analysis in diverse soil environments, providing a
reliable and environmentally friendly approach for monitoring antibiotic residues in agricultural soils.