TINH DẦU LÁ TRẦU PIPER BETLE L. VÀ HOẠT TÍNH SINH HỌC

Abstract

   The main phenolic components of Hocmon betel leaf essential oil were unequivocallyidentified as chavibetol 1, chavibetol acetate 2 and 4-allylpyrocatechol diacetate 3. Thephenolic composition of the essential oil and also oil content obtained by hydrodistillationwere found to vary with the time of leaf collection. Best quality and highest yield of oil withhigh phenolic content was collected during the rainy season. During the dry season in SouthVietnam, particularly in April and May, partial enzymatic hydrolysis of APC diacetate 3, themain phenolic constituent, takes place in the leaves and gives water soluble, nonhydrodistilled4-allylpyrocatechol 4 (APC). Only a small portion of APC was enzymaticallymethylated to give chavibetol 1, thus leading to a decrease in oil content and its phenoliccomponents. Anti bacterial and antifungal activities were found with betel oil rich in phenoliccontent. Viral activity against Enterovirus 71 was discovered for the first time.

Keywords: Hocmon betel leaf essential oil, variation of oil content and phenolic componentswith time of collection, antibacterial, antifungal and antiviral activities.