Results of First-Trimester Preeclampsia Screening Using the FMF Model and Aspirin Prophylaxis at Quang Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital

Tóm tắt

Objectives: To assess the results of first-trimester preeclampsia (PE) screening using the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) model and outcomes of aspirin prophylaxis in high-risk pregnant women . Materials and methods: A prospective descriptive longitudinal study was conducted on 1187 singleton pregnant women with gestational ages from 11 weeks 3 days to 13 weeks 6 days. All participants underwent first-trimester PE screening using the FMF model between 11/2023 and 11/ 2025 at Quang Ninh Obstetrics and Pediatrics Hospital. Results: Among the 1187 screened pregnant women, 84 cases (7.1%) were classified as high risk for preeclampsia according to the FMF model. Each 1 mmHg increase in mean arterial pressure (MAP) was significantly associated with an approximately 12.5% increase in the risk of preeclampsia, each 0.1-unit increase in uterine artery pulsatility index (UtA-PI) was associated with an approximately 27.8% increase in preeclampsia risk, and each 1 pg/mL decrease in PlGF concentration was associated with an approximately 7.0% increase in preeclampsia risk. The overall incidence of preeclampsia was 0.8% (9/1187), of which 66.7% (6/9) occurred in the high-risk group; 92.9% of high-risk women did not develop preeclampsia. No cases of preeclampsia occurred before 34 weeks of gestation; most cases developed at ≥ 37 weeks and were predominantly non-severe. Pregnant women who developed preeclampsia had a lower gestational age at delivery and lower neonatal birth weight compared with those without preeclampsia. Intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal intensive care unit admission were predominantly observed in the preeclampsia group and the high-risk group. Conclusion: First-trimester preeclampsia screening using the FMF model combined with early aspirin prophylaxis in high-risk pregnant women was associated with favorable clinical outcomes. This approach is highly feasible and suitable for widespread implementation in routine obstetric practice.