Phân tích suất chi phí, cơ cấu chi phí và đề xuất chính sách hỗ trợ quản lý khai thác công trình cấp nước sinh hoạt tập trung nông thôn vùng núi cao, khan hiếm nước khu vực Bắc Bộ
Abstract
Directives of domestic water supply in mountainous and water scarcity areas in north region are facing a big challenge due to shortage of water sources, inadequate infrastructure, lacks of suitable policies, topography as well as awareness and income of users limited. Application of cost supportive mechanism for operational and maintenance (O&M) of water supply systems was imperatively considered. The study used the Life Cycle Cost Analysis approach to assess O&M cost by input factors of pumping and gravity systems managed by different management models. Assessment of 5 input cost variables of seventeen systems showed low general unit cost, about 2,620 VND/m3, 3,1% higher than the average price. Average unit costs of pumping systems managed by private enterprises were 7,160 VND/m3, but in other models managing gravity systems were 2,000 VND/m3. The cost structures were suggested and labor cost rate was the highest, next ones being electricity, maintenance…. Policies supporting O&M management such as asset exploitation, water prices and cost subsidy were analyzed and suggested. Their contents include cost subsidy roles of government, O&M cost reduction responsibility of O&M agencies and water fee payment of users for water saving utilization
