In vitro Growth and Development of Chrysanthemum sp. on the Iron Nano Supplemented Media

Abstract

    The novel properties of nano metals including iron nano have made them a source of new materials which are applied in a various fields in industry, agriculture and medicine. However, the effects of iron nano on plant tissue culture have hardly been investigated. This study was conducted to determine the effects of individual iron nano with concentrations from 0 - 35 mg/l or in combination with Fe-EDTA on the growth and development of Chrysanthemum sp. cultured in vitro. In vitro Chrysanthemum shoots (2 cm high, 2 pairs of leaves) and Chrysanthemum stem segments (2 node/segment) were used as the source materials for this experiment. After 30 days of culture, all shoots from stem segments on iron nano media (0 - 15 mg/l) appeared interveinal chlorosis with chlorophyll content of leaves significantly lower (from 8.433 to 24.667 μg/cm²) in comparison to shoot-inducing MS media shoots (39.567 μg/cm²). The combination of iron nano and Fe-EDTA, in contrast, showed better results. Shoots developed well without interveinal chlorosis. After 1 month of culture, all parameters of shoots on media supplemented with 15 mg/l

iron nano were highest. On the other hand, the replacement of Fe-EDTA with iron nano affected the root morphology but did not promote the growth of Chrysanthemum (in comparison to the control). Roots in these medium were small and had less root hair than the roots of Chrysanthemum planlets on iron nano combined with Fe-EDTA media. 10 mg/l iron nano and 35 mg/l Fe-EDTA appeared as the best combination for the growth of Chrysanthemum plantlets.