Contribution of "labor variables" to Vietnam's economic growth: hard to be optimistic with population surplus

Abstract

Labor is an important variable contributing to the economic growth of each nation. The growth rate of labor depends on both natural (birth, death) and mechanical (migration) populations. Population demographics in each country, when fertility levels fall, but mortality rates have fallen but are not rising fast enough, the dependency ratio is low, will create "population surpluses." Unlike other developed countries, In developing countries, the "population surplus" only lasts for 40 years. If utilized, "population surplus" will be an advantage for economic growth. In addition to the advantage of the number of employees, Vietnam is facing enormous challenges in terms of quality and productivity that make it difficult to be optimistic about its ability to take advantage of " Population "for economic growth in the coming years.