Current Status, Causes and Developmental Impacts of Migration in VietNam

Abstract

Migration is a natural law of population development and is an objective of the socio-economic phenomenon that affects the development level of a country. Population mobility is a positive factor promoting socio-economic development, contributing to labor restructuring, job creation, and sustainable poverty reduction. This article evaluates the results of research into internal migration in Vietnam during the period 2011-2020 in order to clarify the current status, as well as the causes and impacts of internal migration on development in the country. Migration flow is mainly from rural to urban areas, or between urban areas. The trend of moving from urban to rural localities is modest, and similar to the migration process of rural to rural. The main cause of migration is economics, and young people nowadays seem overly eager to migrate. The decision to migrate is made by individuals in most cases, and female migrants appear to depend more on others when moving. The income of male migrants is higher than that of their female counterparts. From reviewing migration patterns, assessing the causes and impacts of migration, this article raises a number of policy issues in its conclusion.