Research and design sewage treatment unit on the ship

Abstract

The MARPOL Convention 73/78 was established in 1973, a combination of two international agreements, the International Convention on the Prevention of Pollution caused by ships adopted in 1973 and the Protocol of the Convention adopted year 1978, now combined into a document. It can be argued that this Convention is one of the key Conventions on marine environmental protection. The Convention sets out rules to prevent pollution caused by transporting dangerous and toxic petroleum, commodities, as well as water, garbage and emissions from ships. Vietnam joined this Convention in 1991 (March 18, 1991). Annex IV applies to new ships with a total capacity of 400 or more, or less than 400 but certified to carry more than 15 people. For existing ships, the Annex's requirement shall be applied after 5 years from the effective date of the Appendix. Wastewater is water and other waste from toilets, bathrooms, sewage from hospital rooms, waste water from live animal compartments on board, ... Vessels are not allowed to discharge waste water within the scope of 4 nautical miles from the nearest shore, unless equipped with appropriate wastewater treatment equipment. Within a range of 4 to 12 nautical miles from the nearest shore, wastewater must be ground and disinfected before being discharged. The article presents a model of sewage treatment unit, including a solution for equipping domestic wastewater treatment facilities based on the development of Biofast 3G technology on water vehicles operating on rivers and coastal areas in Vietnam. and consistent with the actual conditions of Vietnam, ensuring the control of environmental pollution caused by waterway means effectively.