Clinical and Paraclinical Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes of Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy for Mild and Moderate Acute Calculous Cholecystitis

Tóm tắt

Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the early outcomes of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in patients with mild and moderate acute calculous cholecystitis. Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 30 patients diagnosed with Grade I and Grade II acute calculous cholecystitis according to the Tokyo Guidelines 2018, who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital between January and November 2025. Results: The mean age was 57.60 ± 16.58 years, and male patients slightly predominated. Right upper quadrant pain and a positive Murphy’s sign were the most common clinical findings. Gallstones were identified in all patients, while gallbladder wall thickening was the most frequent imaging feature on ultrasound and CT. Early surgery within 24 hours after admission was performed in 43.3% of cases. Antegrade laparoscopic cholecystectomy was the predominant surgical technique, whereas subtotal cholecystectomy was required in difficult cases. Most patients experienced mild to moderate postoperative pain and recovered bowel function within 24 hours. Favorable postoperative outcomes were achieved in 96.7% of patients, with a mean postoperative hospital stay of 6.57 ± 1.63 days. Conclusions: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a safe and effective treatment for mild and moderate acute calculous cholecystitis, providing favorable early postoperative outcomes and rapid recovery. Supportive techniques such as gallbladder decompression and subtotal cholecystectomy may facilitate safe surgery in difficult inflammatory cases.