Research of estimating emission factors of polution gas from landfills (CH4 , H2S, NH3 , Methyl Mercaptan)

Abstract

Municipal solid waste in Ho Chi Minh city and urban areas in Vietnam are mainly handled at the sanitary landfills. Research of estimating gas emission factors of landfills is necessary to serve the environment management now. The study was conducted at landfills such as Da Phuoc, Phuoc Hiep, Go Cat, Dong Thanh based on applying the Gifford - Hanna model (1973). The research estimate emission factor of pollution gas such as NH3, H2S, CH4 and Methyl Mercaptane. The research measure data of temperature, humidity, wind speed, stabilize atmospheric levels and concentration of gas from closed landfills as well as operating landfills. Gas emission factor from operating landfills are on Da Phuoc landfill: Q-NH3 = 142,96 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-H2S = 55,86 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-CH4 = 999,56 mg.m-2h -1 and Q-Mer = 13,82 mg.m-2h -1 ; on Phuoc Hiep landfill: Q-NH3 = 135,37 mg.m-2h - 1 , Q-H2S = 61,02 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-CH4 = 1583,29 mg.m-2h -1 and Q-Mer = 58,93 mg.m-2h -1 . Gas emission factor from closed landfills are on Dong Thanh landfill: Q-NH3 = 24,11 mg.m-2h - 1 , Q-H2S = 6,04 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-CH4= 283,67 mg.m-2h -1 và Q-Mer = 2,62 mg.m-2h -1 ; on Go Cat: Q-NH3 = 57,88 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-H2S=5,35 mg.m-2h -1 , Q-CH4 = 391,57 mg.m-2h -1 and QMer = 8,73 mg.m-2h -1 . The most application of gas emission factor is calculating distribution of gas on landfills following the wind direction according Hanna model (1971). This is science base o calculate hygiene distance from landfills.